13-Which event occurs during interphase?
a. The cell carries out metabolic growth processes.
b. Centrioles appear.
c. Spindle fibers begin to form.
d. Centromeres divide.
14-During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of
the dividing cell?
a. prophase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
15-Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of:
a. diploid cells.
b. haploid cells.
c. 2n daughter cells.
d. body cells.
16-Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?
a. cytokinesis
b. interphase
c. prophase
d. S phase
17- Meiosis is a type of cell division that will produce
a. Packets of pollen to be transferred between the abdomen of insects
b. Exact copies of the parent cell
c. The male and female sex cells
d. 2 new somatic cells
18- How many chromosomes are found in human body cells?
a. 26
b.35
c. 46
d. 23
19- How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells?
a. 46
b. 35
c. 72
d. 23
20– The sequence in a chromosome that contains the information to make an RNA or protein product with a specific function is
a. DNA
b. DND
c. ARNm
d. DNAm
21. The site a gene occupies in the chromosome is:
a. Alleles
b. Locus
c. gametes
d. Homozygous
22– The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes -X,Y chromosomes X,Y chromosomes. How many ‘X’ chromosomes a normal female mammal has?
a. two X
b. three X
c. four X
d. five X
23- The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes – X, Y chromosomes. How many ‘Y ‘chromosomes a normal male mammal has?
a. one Y
b. three Y
c. four Y
d. five Y

TRUE OR FALSE

24-Genetics is the science of heredity_____________
25-Phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism ______________
26-Genes are units of heredity that affect an organism’s traits ___________
27-Homozygous are four identical alleles _______________
28- Dosage compensation is a mechanism that allows males and females to produce the same amounts of proteins coded by X-linked genes _____________
29-Codominance: the heterozygote simultaneously expresses phenotypes of both homozygotes ____________
30-Gregor Mendel in 21th, began the scientific study of inheritance through his breeding of pea plants _______________

Multiple choice         

31-Which type of molecule contains genetic information that is passed from parents to offspring?
a. Fat molecules
b. DNA molecules
c. Protein molecules
d. Carbohydrate molecules
32-DNA molecules are made up of subunits called nucleotides that are linked together. How many different types of nucleotides are used to make DNA molecules?
a.One type
b.Two types
c.Three types
d.Four types
33-What are the subunits that make up DNA molecules?
a. Amino acids
b. Nucleotides
c. Fatty acids
d. Proteins
34. In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase worked with bacteriophages . Bacteriophages are:
a. Virus
b. Bacteria
c. Fungi
d. protozoa
35-Who applied the information and began to build scale models of DNA components?
a. Watson and Crick
b.Rosalind Franklin
c. Erwin Chargaff
d. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
36- Who used X-ray diffraction to determine 3-D structure and measurements of the DNA molecule?
a. Watson and Crick
b. Rosalind Franklin
c. Erwin Chargaff
d. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
37- Enzymes able to open the double helix like a zipper, forming a replication fork is known:
a. DNA polimerase
b. DNA primase
c. DNA ligase
d. helicase
38- A special DNA replication enzyme, can lengthen telomeric DNA by adding repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes is:
a. DNA polymerase
b. helicase
c. Telomerase
d.None of the above
39-Okazaki fragments have:
a. 100- to 2000-nucleotide fragments
b. 200- to 3000-nucleotide fragments
c. 300- to 5000- nucleotide fragments
d.400-to 6000-nucleotide fragments
40. Enzymes proofread and repair errors in DNA when an error in base pairing is found. Which enzyme immediately removes the incorrect nucleotide and inserts the correct one:
a. DNA primase
b. DNA ligase
c. helicase
d. DNA polymerase